'Sumerian Language\r'

'Sumerians ploughshare Have you ever thought of where math, piece, and political sciences were invented? The Sumerians invented math, science, writing, and astronomy. The Sumerians were the first nuance on earth. Around 4,000 B. C. E the people called Sumerians go into Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in the Middle East. The Sumerians create massive city walls, Ziggurats (similar to pyramids but utilize for worshipping), canals, and so forth Many people don’t have intercourse about how greatly the Sumerians have contributed to our society.Looking at math, writing, and disposals we entrust see how the Sumerians have influenced to daylight’s society. send-off of all, Sumerians were the first to invent math. The Sumerians used a â€Å"sexagesimal frame,” which basically path that e verything based on the account 60 (Krupp). The mathematician Duncan J. Melville from St. Lawrence University said that â€Å"the system is striki ng for its originality and simplicity. ” The reasons why the Sumerians picked 60 as their base remains cabalistic; however, the idea was developed from an earlier, â€Å"More complex system kn make from 3200 B. C. n which the positions in a add alternated between 6 and 10 as bases. For a system that might seem even much deranged, if it weren’t so familiar, consider this right smart of measuring length with four entirely polar bases: 12 little units, called inches, catch up with a foot, 3 feet make a yard, and 1,760 yards make a mile. Over a thousand years, the Sumerian alternating-base method was simplified into the sexagesimal system, with the same symbol standing for 1 or 60 or 3,600, depending on its rove in the number, […] just as 1 in the decimal system denotes 1, 10 or 100, depending on its place” (Wade).Then later on Babylonians adopted the system and used it to calculate time: the â€Å"1:12:33” on a computer clock means 1 (x 60 squ ared) seconds + 12 (x 60) seconds + 33 seconds, which we lighten use at present. This is the reason why modern day civilization measures an hour in 60 proceedings and 1 minute in 60 seconds. The sexagesimal system enabled the Sumerians to calculate roots, multiply into millions, and use fractions. contemporaneous math still uses aspects of this system (Wade).Next, according to the eastern Institute of the University of Chicago, writing emerged in many different polishs throughout the ancient world, it wasn’t the creation of superstar people; however, the Sumerians are credited with inventing the earliest salmagundi of writing around 3,500 B. C. E. The Sumerians writings on rock n roll tablets started off as just simple pictures and pictograms that represent objects or ideas (see Figure 1). Soon after the Sumerians simplified the pictograms into wedge-shaped signs which is called cuneiform writing (â€Å" superannuated Mesopotamia: The excogitation of piece of wri ting”). The invention of writing was the dawn of the cultivation revolution. This great technological advance allowed news and ideas to be carried to distant places without having to rely on a messengers memory. uniform all inventions, writing emerged because there was a accept for it. In Mesopotamia, it was developed as a record-keeping fomite for commercial transactions or administrative procedures. on that point are also texts that served as â€Å"copy books” for the knowledge of future scribes.Eventually, cuneiform script was used to say some of the greatest literary works in recorded tale” (â€Å"Ancient Mesopotamia: The Invention of Writing”). We got the alphabet that we used today because after the Sumerians in Mesopotamia started writing, it spread to Egypt, and by 1500 B. C. E. it spread to China, and from then on people were â€Å"scribbling, sketching, and telling [the] world about their culture in a very permanent way” (Whipps). As writing spread, people developed their own styles, forms, and way of writing.Another invention that we still use today is administration. I learned from studying world history that the Sumerians needed a way to maintain order, gussy up work forces, and keep crimes from happening because Mesopotamia was a very large city with many artifacts and valuables. The Sumerians were able to defecate large defensive walls, roads, canals, ditches, and dikes that ran throughout Mesopotamia because of the organized labor, which was achievable because they had a government. â€Å"Now, government is what keeps the world from becoming a place of anarchy and chaos” (â€Å"government”).Government affects us now because we elect officials that represent out beliefs on how the United States should be run. America would be goose egg without a government. We can thank the Sumerians because with a government America is a superpower and prosperous (â€Å"government”). In conclusio n, without the inventions of math, writing, government, and many more we would have a chaotic world. Sumerians invented arithmetic, a number system, cuneiform writing that many have adopted and changed, and a government to keep the Empire together.Without the inventions of the Sumerians we would be set seat a couple thousand years today. Citations â€Å"Ancient Mesopotamia: The Invention of Writing. ” The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. N. p.. Web. 13 fall 2012. ;http://oi. uchicago. edu/OI/MUS/ED/TRC/MESO/writing. html;. â€Å"Government. ” The World memorial Hall of Fame. N. p.. Web. 13 Dec 2012. ;http://worldhistoryfame. tripod. com/id8. html;. Krupp, E. C. â€Å" button Like Sixty. ” Sky ; Telescope. 2007: n. page. Web. 13 Dec. 2012. ;http://web. ebscohost. com/ehost/detail? [email&#clx;protected];vid=1;hid=28;bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ== Wade, Nicholas. â€Å"An Exhibition That Gets to the (Square) Root of Sumerian Math. â₠¬ÂÃ‚ New York Times. 22 2010: n. page. Web. 13 Dec. 2012. ;http://www. nytimes. com/2010/11/23/science/23babylon. html? _r=0;. Whipps, Heather. â€Å"How Writing Changed the World. â€Å"LiveScience. 10 2008: n. page. Web. 13 Dec. 2012. ;http://www. livescience. com/2283-writing-changed-world. html;. Figure 1: Sumerian Tablets With Semi-Pictographic Writing\r\n'